The increasing use of solid-state devices—such as lighting reactors, motor drives, control systems, communication equipment, and various DC motor loads—has significantly increased harmonic currents generated by these nonlinear loads.

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     As new machines and devices are introduced into industrial facilities, the level of harmonic distortion tends to increase—this increase in distortion results in higher system losses due to elevated heating levels in the system components. Consequently, system neutrals and transformers risk damage from these increased losses.

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       K-factor transformers are designed to dampen the harmonic currents that can lead to overheating problems. Doing so helps protect system efficiency and prolong the lifespan of the devices connected to the system.

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K-4 Factor Loads:

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• Lighting systems using discharge lamps 

• Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) with optional input filters 

• Welding machines 

• Induction heating equipment 

• Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) 

• Solid-state controllers (excluding variable frequency drives) 

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K-13 Factor Loads:

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• Telecommunication equipment 

• UPS systems without input filters 

• Hospital and school systems 

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K-20 Factor Loads:

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• Computer servers (hosts) 

• Variable frequency motor drives 

• System feeds in hospitals and operating rooms that require high security and uninterrupted power 

 

      By using K-factor transformers, organizations can protect their equipment, enhance operational efficiency, and maintain system integrity in the presence of harmonic disturbances. Investing in these technologies is a precaution and a strategic necessity for any forward-thinking operation.